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Review for Chapters 6, 7, 8

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 
 
nar001-1.jpg
 

 1. 
In the diagram above, Line 1 is pointing to which structure?
a.
Alveoli
b.
Bronchi
c.
Trachea
d.
Larynx
 

 2. 
In the diagram above, Line 2 is pointing to which structure?
a.
Alveoli
b.
Bronchi
c.
Trachea
d.
Larynx
 

 3. 
In the diagram above, Line 4 is pointing to which structure?
a.
Alveoli
b.
Bronchi
c.
Rib cage
d.
Diaphragm
 

 4. 
Which of the following patients is NOT showing signs of respiratory distress?
a.
A 69-year-old male complaining of weakness breathing 26 times a minute with gurgling respirations
b.
A 10-year-old girl breathing 18 times a minute with minimal effort
c.
A 4-year-old boy breathing 12 times a minute with cyanosis
d.
An 88-year-old female breathing 22 times a minute with minimal air exchange and depth
 

 5. 
Your patient is a 2-year-old who was playing with some toys and started coughing and having trouble breathing. He is now awake and holding his throat. He is unable to make any sound and is becoming cyanotic. Which of the following actions should you perform?
a.
Encourage the child to cough.
b.
Initiate five back blows.
c.
Perform a finger sweep.
d.
Perform abdominal thrusts.
 

 6. 
You are at a restaurant when a gentleman sitting alone at a table in the back of the room collapses. When you arrive, you notice that he is cyanotic and not responding. Which of the following actions should you perform?
a.
Give five back blows.
b.
Perform a trauma chin lift and finger sweep.
c.
Insert an oral airway.
d.
Perform abdominal thrusts.
 

 7. 
Which of the following statements describes the proper technique to open the airway in a nonbreathing patient?
a.
Keep the head neutral and open the mouth of a 71-year-old cardiac arrest patient.
b.
Hyperextend the neck and lift the chin of a 6-month-old near-drowning child.
c.
Tilt the head and lift the jaw forward in a 7-year-old victim of a bicycle crash.
d.
Keep the head neutral and lift the jaw of a 22-year-old victim of a fall.
 

 8. 
Which of the following precautions should you take when using the head tilt-chin lift technique?
a.
Avoid pressing your fingers deeply into the soft tissues of the chin.
b.
Use your thumb to lift the chin instead of using your fingers.
c.
Keep the head and neck in a neutral position.
d.
Keep the mouth closed to better ventilate the patient.
 

 9. 
Which of the following is true of suctioning?
a.
Suctioning is indicated for patients with snoring respirations.
b.
Suction units are always manually operated.
c.
Suctioning uses positive pressure to keep the airway open.
d.
Suctioning removes or sucks oxygen out of the patient’s airway.
 

 10. 
Which of the following patients requires suctioning?
a.
A 6-month-old with grunting
b.
A 5-year-old with stridor
c.
A 44-year-old with wheezing
d.
A 74-year-old with gurgling
 

 11. 
Which patient is being adequately ventilated?
a.
A 5-year-old female is pale and cyanotic, but her chest does not move with ventilations.
b.
A 72-year-old male’s chest does not move, but his abdomen is getting larger.
c.
A 4-month-old girl’s chest is moving with ventilations and she is starting to move around.
d.
A 28-year-old male’s chest is not moving and is difficult to ventilate the patient.
 

 12. 
You have been ventilating a patient. The patient starts to vomit. Which of the following statements describes the best action to take?
a.
Position the patient on his back and use a finger sweep to clear his airway.
b.
Position the patient on his back and use a whistle tip suction to remove the vomit.
c.
Turn the patient to his side and use a tonsil tip suction catheter to clear the vomit.
d.
Turn the patient face down and use a tonsil tip suction catheter to clear the vomit.
 

 13. 
You respond to the scene of a patient who is unresponsive and not breathing. What is your immediate action?
a.
Perform a head tilt-chin lift.
b.
Complete abdominal thrusts.
c.
Insert a suction catheter and suction.
d.
Perform a finger sweep.
 

 14. 
Which of the following statements regarding oxygen is FALSE?
a.
Flames should not be allowed near oxygen cylinders.
b.
Grease should not be allowed to touch the valves or fittings of the oxygen cylinder.
c.
The pressure in the tanks must be increased before the oxygen can be used.
d.
Oxygen comes in small portable tanks and large tanks.
 

 15. 
Which of the following patients should receive a nasopharyngeal airway?
a.
A 66-year-old male who has snoring respirations and a gag reflex
b.
A 24-year-old male who is not breathing and does not have gag reflex
c.
An 82-year-old female who is breathing 18 times a minute and has a gag reflex
d.
A 5-year-old female who is breathing 24 times a minute and is conscious
 

 16. 
A patient working harder to breathe can be described with which of the following terms?
a.
Dyspnea
b.
Apnea
c.
Stridor
d.
Wheezing
 

 17. 
Which of the following scenes is safe for you to enter?
a.
A bar fight without police officers on scene
b.
A shooting where the shooter was reported having left
c.
A truck rollover with gasoline leaking onto the ground
d.
A child with difficulty breathing without police officers on scene
 

 18. 
First Responders arrive at the scene of an “ill patient.” The patient is lying on the couch, curled up in a fetal position. You notice a large plastic basin beside the patient. You smell vomit. Which of the following problems do you suspect?
a.
Cardiac problem
b.
Diabetic problem
c.
Respiratory problem
d.
Acute abdomen problem
 

 19. 
Which of the following statements indicates that the patient has an adequate airway?
a.
A 2-month-old child with stridor when she breathes
b.
A 16-year-old male with wheezing on expiration
c.
An 86-year-old man with snoring respirations
d.
A 4-year-old with a respiratory rate of 22
 

 20. 
Which of the following patients has a normal pulse?
a.
A 4-month-old child with a slow, irregular pulse
b.
A 15-year-old male with a rapid, bounding pulse
c.
A 1-year-old child with a strong, irregular pulse
d.
A 68-year-old female with a strong, regular pulse
 

 21. 
Which of the following is the correct way to measure a pulse?
a.
Use your thumb to feel the pulse in the wrist.
b.
Press hard with two fingers to feel the carotid pulse.
c.
Use two fingers to check the pulse in the wrist
d.
Count the beats in 30 seconds and multiply by 4.
 

 22. 
Which of the following describes the purpose of the focused physical examination?
a.
Ruling out life-threatening injuries
b.
Assessing the body thoroughly for injuries
c.
Identifying past or additional medical problems
d.
Associating mechanism of injury with patient findings
 

 23. 
You arrive at the scene of a building collapse. There are four patients. Your First Responder crew assesses all four patients while waiting for additional help. In which of the patients listed below would it be acceptable not to use the standard head-to-toe examination?
a.
An unconscious patient
b.
A confused head injury patient
c.
A patient who is paralyzed from the waist down
d.
An alert patient with closed, deformed forearm fracture
 

 24. 
Which of the following should you do first when you are assessing the patient’s head?
a.
Stabilize the head and neck first.
b.
Firmly and forcefully palpate the scalp to identify fractures.
c.
Probe wounds to identify the source of bleeding.
d.
Palpate eye injuries thoroughly to identify potential injuries.
 

 25. 
Which of the following statements is TRUE of injuries and assessment of the back?
a.
Patients should be log rolled to their abdomens to thoroughly assess the back.
b.
If a spinal injury is suspected, the back should not be assessed in order to prevent further injury.
c.
Inspect and palpate the back for deformities, open wounds, tenderness, or swelling.
d.
Due to the potential for back injuries, all patients should be log rolled onto a long board after assessment.
 

 26. 
You are assessing a 64-year-old patient who is complaining of feeling weak and dizzy. Which of the following is TRUE?
a.
A heart rate of 40 would be normal for him.
b.
If his pulse is irregular, you should suspect a possible cardiac problem.
c.
You should assess a brachial pulse on this patient.
d.
To assess his pulse, it would be best to palpate a carotid pulse first.
 

 27. 
Cyanotic skin commonly occurs with which of the following?
a.
Hypoxia
b.
Carbon monoxide poisoning
c.
Hyperthermia
d.
Liver disease
 

 28. 
Your patient is a 16-year-old male with hives and itching. Which of the following statements describes what you would do when you take his blood pressure?
a.
Palpate his blood pressure for greater accuracy.
b.
Use a smaller cuff than for an adult.
c.
Wrap the cuff around his forearm.
d.
Secure the cuff snugly for an accurate pressure.
 

 29. 
You respond to the scene of a patient with difficulty breathing. Upon arrival you find a cyanotic patient with a weak pulse and no breathing. Which of the following actions should you take?
a.
Open the airway and complete an initial assessment.
b.
Assess for other problems before managing his airway and breathing.
c.
Open the airway and assist breathing, reassessing his airway and breathing and circulation frequently.
d.
Complete a thorough head-to-toe assessment before you open the airway and initiate breathing.
 

 30. 
Which of the following should be included in a hand-off report?
a.
Age, gender, chief complaint, history, physical findings
b.
Responsiveness, airway, breathing, circulatory status
c.
Interventions and patient’s current condition
d.
All of the above
 

 31. 
Which of the following is TRUE regarding scene safety?
a.
Your primary concern is for patient safety.
b.
You usually only have to concern yourself with scene safety at violent scenes
c.
There are no safety concerns at medical patient scenes
d.
Awareness is your best protection at a scene regardless of the event.
 

 32. 
You respond to the scene of a child who fell from a rock climbing wall. She fell about 12 feet and landed on her back. You hear snoring respirations. You stabilize the cervical spine and do which of the following?
a.
Use a jaw thrust to prevent further injury due to the mechanism of injury.
b.
Use a head-tilt jaw-thrust to open the airway due to the mechanism of injury.
c.
Monitor the patient until ALS care arrives, since other maneuvers are outside your scope of practice.
d.
Apply oxygen and place the patient in the recovery position while you continue your initial assessment.
 

 33. 
You respond to the scene of a female patient who collapsed at the park. Which of the following would indicate that her circulation is adequate?
a.
You can palpate a carotid but not a radial pulse.
b.
Her capillary refilling time is 4 seconds.
c.
Her skin is cool and pale.
d.
Her radial pulse rate is 88 beats per minute.
 

 34. 
First Responders arrive at the scene of a 61-year-old female with chest pain. She is breathing 16 times a minute. Her skin is cool and dry. Which of the following would indicate that her blood pressure is adequate?
a.
You palpate a systolic pressure of 90.
b.
You auscultate a pressure of 146/72.
c.
Her palpated blood pressure is 182/p.
d.
Her auscultated pressure is 88/44.
 

 35. 
First Responders arrive at the scene of a 9-month-old girl who fell off the bed. She is breathing 46 times a minute. Her skin is warm and dry, and she has a large hematoma to her forehead. Which of the following would indicate that her pupils appear or respond normally?
a.
Her left pupil is larger than her right.
b.
Her pupils dilate when exposed to light.
c.
Her pupils are constricted in a dark room.
d.
Her pupils constrict when exposed to light.
 

 36. 
Which of the following are reasons the heart might stop beating?
a.
Heart disease, respiratory arrest, stroke, drowning, suffocation
b.
Seizures, diabetic reactions, poisoning, congenital abnormalities
c.
Trauma, bleeding, electric shock, severe allergic reactions
d.
All of the above
 

 37. 
Which of the following best describes the chain (or sequence) of survival in an adult cardiac arrest patient?
a.
Early access, early CPR, early defibrillation and early advanced care
b.
Prevention, early BLS rescue, early EMS access, early advanced care
c.
Open the airway, administer breaths, check pulse, and initiate compressions.
d.
Confirm unresponsiveness and notify ACLS initiate CPR.
 

 38. 
“Phone first” is a component of which of the following?
a.
Recognition and Early Access
b.
Early CPR
c.
Defibrillation
d.
Early Advanced Care
 

 39. 
Widespread community cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) education is directed to improve the potential of the patient receiving which of the following?
a.
Prevention
b.
Early CPR
c.
Defibrillation
d.
Early Advanced Care
 

 40. 
The use of sophisticated emergency equipment and treatment that can be used to help stabilize a patient before reaching the hospital best describes which of the following?
a.
Recognition and Early Access
b.
Early CPR
c.
Defibrillation
d.
Early Advanced Care
 

 41. 
Health care providers who educate families to position babies on their backs for sleeping is an example of which of the following?
a.
Recognition and Early Access
b.
Early CPR
c.
Prevention
d.
Early Advanced Care
 

 42. 
You respond to a patient who is found lying in bed. The family tells you they cannot wake him. What is your first step?
a.
Open the airway with a head tilt-chin lift
b.
Establish unresponsiveness
c.
Provide rescue breathing
d.
Check for signs of circulation
 

 43. 
As a single rescuer you initiate CPR on an adult. You should perform compressions and respirations at which ratio?
a.
15 compressions to 2 ventilations
b.
15 ventilations to 2 compressions
c.
5 compressions to 1 ventilation
d.
5 ventilations to 1 compression
 

 44. 
Your patient is a 6-month-old infant in cardiopulmonary arrest. You initiate CPR. Compressions should be performed using which of the following?
a.
Two fingers
b.
One thumb
c.
One hand
d.
Two hands
 

 45. 
You should compress the chest of an 8-month-old child at what depth?
a.
2 inches
b.
1 1/2–2 inches
c.
1/3–1/2 depth of the chest
d.
1/4 inches
 

 46. 
You should compress the chest of a 5-year old at what rate?
a.
15 compressions/minute
b.
60 compressions/minute
c.
80 compressions/minute
d.
100 compressions/minute
 

 47. 
You should compress the chest of a 6-year old at what depth?
a.
2 inches
b.
1 1/2–2 inches
c.
1/3–1/2 depth of the chest
d.
1/4 inches
 

 48. 
You respond to an infant with seizures. You find a 7-month old who is unresponsive to painful stimuli. What is your next step?
a.
Initiate rescue breathing
b.
Hyperextend the neck and assess breathing
c.
Place the child’s head in a neutral position and assess breathing
d.
Initiate compressions
 

 49. 
You are at a friend’s house when a 4-year-old child falls from the stairway. You assess the child. She is unresponsive and is not breathing, but does have a pulse. What is your next action?
a.
Call 911
b.
Perform one minute of rescue breathing before calling 911
c.
Perform an abdominal thrust
d.
Initiate CPR immediately
 

 50. 
You crew has initiated CPR on a patient. An AED is applied. What should you do while the patient is being analyzed?
a.
Continue CPR
b.
Attach the pads to the patient
c.
Not touch the patient
d.
Continue palpating a pulse until the shock is delivered.
 



 
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